Transformer oil is a vital component for the proper functioning of power transformers. However, over time, transformer oil can degrade and produce dissolved gases, which can reduce the effectiveness of the oil and the transformer. Therefore, dissolved gas in transformer oil analysis is essential to identify the presence of any harmful gases.
Oil chromatography analysis is a common method used to evaluate the dissolved gases in transformer oil. This process involves extracting oil from the transformer and separating the gases based on their molecular weight. The result of the analysis determines the severity of the damage and the appropriate course of action.
Several test standards have been developed to regulate the process of dissolved gas in transformer oil analysis, including ASTM D3612 and IEC 60599. These standards define procedures for gas extraction, oil sample preparation, and chromatography analysis. Compliance with these standards ensures accurate and reliable analysis.
ASTM D3612 establishes guidelines for the sample extraction of gases from oil in a transformer. It also outlines the procedures for analyzing six specific gases: hydrogen, methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene, and carbon monoxide. The guideline provides accurate and reliable data on the transformer's condition and helps to develop an appropriate maintenance schedule.
IEC 60599 provides general guidance for dissolved gas analysis in transformer oil and outlines the procedures for collecting oil samples, analyzing dissolved gases, and interpreting results. The standard also establishes several key aspects, such as sample size, temperature, and oil pressure control, to ensure consistent and accurate results.
Dissolved gas in transformer oil analysis is critical to ensure the effectiveness and longevity of power transformers. The use of oil chromatography analysis and compliance with established test standards, such as ASTM D3612 and IEC 60599, is essential to identify and resolve any issues early on, maintaining the transformer's performance and reducing the cost of maintenance.